人民黄河

黄河自古以来就是一条桀骜不驯的忧患之河，协调好黄河流域人水关系，实现人水和谐共生，是新时代黄河保护治理的迫切需求。为协调好黄河流域人水关系，系统总结了人水关系的演变历程，阐述了研究背景和意义，提出了总体研究思路；从认知、理论、方法和实践4个层面梳理了目前存在的关键问题，包括作用机理与演变机制的认知不足、理论基础及和谐共生理论研究仍欠缺、监测-评估-模拟-调控研究仍需深化、多层次和谐共生路径尚需拓展；明确了重点研究领域，涉及河流伦理、智能感知装备、水平衡、提升路径、阈值调整、“四水四定”、模拟器、水网构建、工程布局、高质量发展等方面；结合关键问题和重点领域，给出了协调好黄河流域人水关系的策略并进行了展望。研究成果有助于加深对黄河流域人水关系的理解和认识，为处理好人与水的关系、贯彻落实黄河重大国家战略提供科学支撑。

The Yellow River has long been a capricious and troublesome river. Coordinating the human-water relationship in the Yellow River Basin and achieving harmonious coexistence between human and water are urgent needs for the protection and governance of the Yellow River in the new era. In order to coordinate the human-water relationship in the Yellow River Basin in a sound manner, this paper summarized the evolution process of the human-water relationship, elaborated on the research background and significance, and proposed an overall research idea. The key issues from four aspects(i.e., cognition, theory, method, and practice) were identified, including insufficient understanding of action mechanisms and evolution processes, inadequate research on theoretical foundations and the theory of harmonious coexistence, the need to deepen research on monitoring-assessment-simulation-regulation, and the need to expand multi-level paths toward harmonious coexistence. The key research areas were clarified, including river ethics, intelligent perception equipment, water balance, improvement paths, threshold adjustment, “defining the scales based on water”, simulators, water network construction, engineering layout, and high-quality development. Combining the key issues and research areas, strategies for coordinating the human-water relationship in the Yellow River Basin were provided and prospects were presented. The results can promote the understanding and recognition of the human-water relationship in the Yellow River Basin, and provide scientific support for handling the relationship between human and water and implementing the major national strategy of the Yellow River.