人民黄河

实施生态补偿是调动各方积极性、促进生态文明建设的重要举措。为推进黄河流域生态补偿、增强生态韧性,基于2007—2022年黄河流域102个地级市面板数据,采用双重差分模型实证分析了生态补偿政策对黄河流域生态韧性的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:1)生态补偿政策的实施使试点地区生态韧性得到显著提高;2)产业结构高级化和生态承载力、环境治理能力、绿色科技创新能力的提升是生态补偿政策促进生态韧性提升的重要机制;3)生态补偿政策对生态韧性的提升效应存在实施地区行政级别、基础生态韧性水平、地理区位等异质性。建议:构建全流域协同的差异化补偿机制,针对生态韧性提升的机制靶向施策,充分发挥产业结构升级、环境治理、绿色科技创新的作用,大力提高生态承载力,优化生态补偿政策使其与不同区位、各类实施地区相适配等。

Implementing an ecological compensation mechanism is a crucial measure to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties and promote the construction of ecological civilization. To advance ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin and enhance ecological resilience, based on panel data from 102 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin spanning from 2007 to 2022, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of ecological compensation policies on ecological resilience in the Yellow River Basin and its mechanism of action using a difference-in-differences model. The results indicate that: a) The implementation of ecological compensation policies has significantly improved ecological resilience in pilot areas. b) The upgrading of industrial structure and the enhancement of ecological carrying capacity, environmental governance capacity, and green technology innovation capability are important mechanisms through which ecological compensation policies promote the improvement of ecological resilience. c) The enhancement effect of ecological compensation policies on ecological resilience exhibits heterogeneity in terms of administrative level of implementation areas, basic ecological resilience level, and geographical location. Recommendations: Establish a differentiated compensation mechanism that coordinates across the entire basin, target policies based on the mechanisms for enhancing ecological resilience, fully leverage the role of industrial structure upgrading, environmental governance, and green technology innovation, vigorously improve ecological carrying capacity, and optimize ecological compensation policies to make them compatible with different locations and various implementation areas.