人民黄河

为了明晰人类活动对冶木河流域水文情势的影响效果，基于冶力关水文站1981—2020年的年径流量和日均流量数据，采用曼宁肯德尔-彭曼(Mann-Kendall-Pettitt,MK-P)突变点检测、水文指标(Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration,IHA)和动态时间弯曲(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)算法计算了基准期和黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展重大国家战略实施影响期的水文指标变化情况及两个时期的水文情势相似度。基于全球陆面数据同化系统(Global Land Data Assimilation System,GLDAS)提取冶木河陆地水储量，分析其与径流量的相关关系及变化时间点。研究结果表明:1)冶木河径流量平稳变化点和陆地水储量变化点均为2018年。2)战略实施影响期的径流量大于基准期，径流量平均增大29.79%。3)基准期和战略实施影响期5组水文情势指标的相似度分别为0.025、0.025、0.25、0.1、0，说明冶木河流量极值出现的次数增加，小流量持续情况有所好转。4)战略实施影响期实施的水源涵养措施袭夺了河川基流，减水效果较明显。5)陆地水储量与径流量相关关系较弱。

To elucidate the impacts of human activities on the hydrological regime of the Yemu River,this paper employed annual and daily runoff data from the Yeliguan Hydrologic Station between 1981 and 2020. By utilizing Mann-Kendall-Pettitt( MK-P) change point test,Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration( IHA) and Dynamic Time Warping( DTW),the study examined the variation of IHA and similarities of hydrological patterns during a baseline period and a subsequent period influenced by the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development. Additionally,the research explored the correlation and time change points between terrestrial water storage derived from the Global Land Data Assimilation System( GLDAS) and the runoff in the Yemu River. The analysis reveals that: a) The change point for runoff in the Yemu River and that for terrestrial water storage both occurred in 2018. b) The runoff during the impact period is 29.79%higher than that of the reference period. c) The similarity coefficients for five sets of hydrological regime indicators between the two periods are 0.025,0.025,0.25,0.1 and 0,respectively,indicating that the frequency of runoff extremes has risen,while the duration of low flows has diminished. d) The water conservation measures implemented during the impact period have depleted the baseflow,leading to a noticeable reduction in baseflow. e) The correlation between terrestrial water storage and runoff in the Yemu River basin is relatively weak.