人民黄河

高效的渠系优化配水方案对于提高灌区灌溉水利用效率至关重要。针对新疆五家渠灌区渠道众多、渗漏损失量较大的现状，建立了以干、支两级渠系渗漏损失量最小、轮灌组内配水时间差最小为优化目标的配水模型，采用天牛群优化算法进行求解，并与粒子群算法求解结果进行对比分析。天牛群优化算法求解得到的轮灌组更具有实用性，配水时间由15.0 d缩短为8.7 d,缩短了42.00%;总渗漏损失量由11.06×10⁵ m³减少至6.10×10⁵ m³,减少了44.85%。天牛群优化算法比粒子群优化算法更具有显著的优势，能更好地满足灌区的配水需求。

An efficient canal system to optimize water distribution is essential to improve irrigation water use efficiency in irrigation districts. Aiming at the current situation of Xinjiang Wujiaqu Irrigation District, which has many channels and large leakage losses, a water distribution model was established with the optimization objectives of minimizing the leakage losses of the main and branch channels and minimizing the time difference of water distribution in the rotational irrigation groups. The beetle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to solve the model, and the results were compared and analyzed with those obtained by the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The rotational irrigation groups obtained by the beetle swarm optimization algorithm are more practical, and the water distribution time is shortened from 15.0 days to 8.7 days, which is 42.00% shorter; The total leakage loss is reduced from 11.06×10⁵ m³ to 6.10×10⁵ m³, which is 44.85% less. The improved beetle swarm optimization algorithm has more significant advantages than the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and can better meet the water distribution needs of the irrigation district.